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Fabric expansion joints can be made from various special woven fabrics, coated or laminated with selected elastomers or fluoropolymers. Due to their superior flexibility, they can take axial, lateral, angular, and torsional movements.
Fabric expansion joints are used for insulation to avoid mechanical loads and prevent wear and tear. They offer advantages to pipeline designers as they can absorb movements in several directions simultaneously.
Furthermore, they have almost no reaction forces and occupy minimal space. Fabric expansion joints are easy to customize to fit existing operational conditions and are convenient for transportation and installation. Compared to metal expansion joints, fabric expansion joints offer almost unlimited flexibility, providing pipeline designers with more choices.
Fabric expansion joints are highly flexible connections installed in pipelines and piping systems, as well as industrial products, to compensate for expansions caused by vibrations resulting from heat or misalignment, as well as mechanical and acoustic movements.
A fabric expansion joint works by accommodating the movement and thermal growth in ducting systems. It is installed at a specific location where movement is expected to occur. The joint consists of two main components: the fabric gas seal and the metal frames. The fabric gas seal is a flexible loop, similar to a belt, made of special fabric materials. It is securely clamped to the metal frames, which are connected to the ends of the ducting. As the ducting expands or contracts due to thermal changes or misalignment, the fabric belt deforms accordingly.
The fabric material used in the expansion joint is designed to withstand the stresses and conditions it may be exposed to, such as high temperatures or corrosive media. It must maintain its integrity without tearing or leaking. In some cases, additional components like insulation pillows, accumulation barriers, or flow liners may be used to enhance the protection and performance of the fabric material.
Overall, the fabric expansion joint acts as a flexible connection, allowing for axial, lateral, angular, and torsional movements in the ducting system while minimizing stress and maintaining the integrity of the system.